World Happiness Report - 2023

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World Happiness Report - 2023

The World Happiness Report 2023, coordinated by the Sustainable Development Solutions Network in collaboration with Gallup and the Wellbeing Research Centre at the University of Oxford, presents a global overview of subjective well-being across 137 countries. This year’s report places particular emphasis on post-pandemic recovery and the enduring influence of social support and institutional trust. Drawing on Gallup World Poll data, the report reaffirms that economic prosperity alone does not guarantee happiness. Instead, social cohesion, generosity, and a sense of freedom continue to emerge as decisive factors influencing national well-being scores.

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Rank	Country name	Ladder score	Standard error of ladder score	upperwhisker	lowerwhisker	Logged GDP per capita	Social support	Healthy life expectancy	Freedom to make life choices	Generosity	Perceptions of corruption	Ladder score in Dystopia	Explained by: Log GDP per capita	Explained by: Social support	Explained by: Healthy life expectancy	Explained by: Freedom to make life choices	Explained by: Generosity	Explained by: Perceptions of corruption	Dystopia + residual
1	Finland	7.80	0.04	7.88	7.73	10.79	0.97	71.15	0.96	-0.02	0.18	1.78	1.89	1.585	0.535	0.772	0.126	0.535	2.36
2	Denmark	7.59	0.04	7.67	7.51	10.96	0.95	71.25	0.93	0.13	0.20	1.78	1.95	1.548	0.537	0.734	0.208	0.525	2.08
3	Iceland	7.53	0.05	7.63	7.43	10.90	0.98	72.05	0.94	0.21	0.67	1.78	1.93	1.620	0.559	0.738	0.250	0.187	2.25
4	Israel	7.47	0.03	7.54	7.41	10.64	0.94	72.70	0.81	-0.02	0.71	1.78	1.83	1.521	0.577	0.569	0.124	0.158	2.69
5	Netherlands	7.40	0.03	7.46	7.35	10.94	0.93	71.55	0.89	0.21	0.38	1.78	1.94	1.488	0.545	0.672	0.251	0.394	2.11
6	Sweden	7.40	0.04	7.47	7.32	10.88	0.94	72.15	0.95	0.17	0.20	1.78	1.92	1.510	0.562	0.754	0.225	0.520	1.90
7	Norway	7.32	0.04	7.40	7.23	11.09	0.94	71.50	0.95	0.14	0.28	1.78	1.99	1.521	0.544	0.752	0.212	0.463	1.83
8	Switzerland	7.24	0.04	7.32	7.16	11.16	0.92	72.90	0.89	0.03	0.27	1.78	2.02	1.463	0.582	0.678	0.151	0.475	1.87
9	Luxembourg	7.23	0.07	7.36	7.09	11.66	0.88	71.68	0.92	0.02	0.35	1.78	2.20	1.357	0.549	0.710	0.149	0.418	1.85
10	New Zealand	7.12	0.04	7.20	7.05	10.66	0.95	70.35	0.89	0.18	0.27	1.78	1.84	1.544	0.513	0.672	0.230	0.471	1.85
11	Austria	7.10	0.04	7.18	7.02	10.90	0.89	71.15	0.86	0.10	0.50	1.78	1.93	1.382	0.535	0.630	0.191	0.310	2.12
12	Australia	7.10	0.04	7.18	7.01	10.82	0.93	71.05	0.89	0.20	0.50	1.78	1.90	1.497	0.532	0.677	0.242	0.310	1.94
13	Canada	6.96	0.04	7.04	6.88	10.77	0.93	71.40	0.87	0.15	0.42	1.78	1.88	1.484	0.541	0.656	0.218	0.364	1.82
14	Ireland	6.91	0.04	7.00	6.83	11.53	0.91	71.30	0.87	0.09	0.36	1.78	2.15	1.425	0.539	0.656	0.186	0.409	1.55
15	United States	6.89	0.05	6.99	6.80	11.05	0.92	65.85	0.80	0.14	0.69	1.78	1.98	1.460	0.390	0.557	0.210	0.172	2.12
16	Germany	6.89	0.05	6.99	6.80	10.88	0.90	71.30	0.85	0.03	0.42	1.78	1.92	1.401	0.539	0.618	0.153	0.365	1.90
17	Belgium	6.86	0.03	6.93	6.79	10.84	0.92	70.90	0.83	0.00	0.55	1.78	1.91	1.449	0.528	0.590	0.137	0.273	1.98
18	Czechia	6.85	0.04	6.93	6.76	10.61	0.95	69.05	0.90	0.04	0.86	1.78	1.82	1.544	0.477	0.693	0.158	0.050	2.10
19	United Kingdom	6.80	0.04	6.88	6.71	10.70	0.88	70.30	0.85	0.25	0.45	1.78	1.86	1.366	0.511	0.626	0.272	0.340	1.82
20	Lithuania	6.76	0.04	6.85	6.68	10.57	0.94	67.40	0.75	-0.15	0.81	1.78	1.81	1.511	0.432	0.487	0.059	0.089	2.38
21	France	6.66	0.04	6.74	6.59	10.70	0.91	72.30	0.82	-0.10	0.55	1.78	1.86	1.433	0.566	0.582	0.083	0.270	1.87
22	Slovenia	6.65	0.05	6.75	6.55	10.59	0.95	71.05	0.91	0.01	0.77	1.78	1.82	1.539	0.532	0.707	0.144	0.113	1.80
23	Costa Rica	6.61	0.05	6.71	6.51	9.95	0.87	70.00	0.90	-0.07	0.77	1.78	1.59	1.340	0.503	0.683	0.099	0.116	2.28
24	Romania	6.59	0.05	6.69	6.49	10.34	0.85	67.05	0.86	-0.17	0.93	1.78	1.73	1.280	0.423	0.631	0.044	0.000	2.49
25	Singapore	6.59	0.07	6.72	6.45	11.57	0.88	73.80	0.88	0.06	0.15	1.78	2.17	1.354	0.607	0.660	0.170	0.561	1.07
26	United Arab Emirates	6.57	0.04	6.66	6.49	11.15	0.83	66.24	0.94	0.10	0.58	1.78	2.02	1.223	0.401	0.745	0.188	0.247	1.75
27	Taiwan Province of China	6.54	0.05	6.63	6.44	10.80	0.88	69.60	0.80	-0.13	0.68	1.78	1.89	1.372	0.492	0.562	0.067	0.178	1.97
28	Uruguay	6.49	0.05	6.58	6.40	10.04	0.91	67.50	0.90	-0.07	0.58	1.78	1.62	1.445	0.435	0.683	0.102	0.254	1.96
29	Slovakia	6.47	0.06	6.58	6.36	10.35	0.95	68.84	0.75	-0.02	0.90	1.78	1.73	1.544	0.472	0.494	0.128	0.022	2.08
30	Saudi Arabia	6.46	0.06	6.58	6.34	10.72	0.88	64.40	0.89	-0.08	0.69	1.78	1.86	1.370	0.351	0.682	0.093	0.170	1.94
31	Estonia	6.46	0.04	6.53	6.38	10.54	0.95	69.65	0.93	0.03	0.41	1.78	1.80	1.526	0.494	0.728	0.153	0.372	1.38
32	Spain	6.44	0.04	6.52	6.35	10.54	0.93	72.35	0.78	-0.07	0.71	1.78	1.80	1.491	0.567	0.533	0.101	0.157	1.79
33	Italy	6.41	0.05	6.51	6.30	10.63	0.88	72.05	0.71	-0.07	0.84	1.78	1.83	1.365	0.559	0.438	0.097	0.063	2.05
34	Kosovo	6.37	0.06	6.49	6.25	9.36	0.84	65.20	0.86	0.26	0.87	1.78	1.37	1.269	0.372	0.639	0.275	0.045	2.39
35	Chile	6.33	0.05	6.42	6.24	10.11	0.89	70.30	0.79	-0.01	0.82	1.78	1.65	1.384	0.511	0.546	0.131	0.076	2.04
36	Mexico	6.33	0.06	6.44	6.22	9.85	0.80	65.80	0.86	-0.09	0.77	1.78	1.55	1.169	0.389	0.632	0.086	0.115	2.39
37	Malta	6.30	0.05	6.39	6.21	10.66	0.92	71.60	0.89	0.12	0.73	1.78	1.84	1.468	0.547	0.671	0.200	0.143	1.43
38	Panama	6.27	0.08	6.42	6.11	10.31	0.90	68.95	0.86	-0.13	0.88	1.78	1.71	1.402	0.475	0.630	0.065	0.036	1.94
39	Poland	6.26	0.04	6.34	6.18	10.45	0.93	69.05	0.77	-0.03	0.74	1.78	1.77	1.474	0.477	0.511	0.120	0.139	1.77
40	Nicaragua	6.26	0.08	6.41	6.11	8.62	0.85	65.65	0.88	0.02	0.63	1.78	1.11	1.292	0.385	0.660	0.148	0.218	2.45
41	Latvia	6.21	0.04	6.30	6.13	10.37	0.94	66.40	0.82	-0.06	0.83	1.78	1.74	1.505	0.405	0.580	0.107	0.071	1.81
42	Bahrain	6.17	0.10	6.37	5.98	10.78	0.84	65.83	0.94	0.12	0.74	1.78	1.88	1.269	0.389	0.748	0.199	0.138	1.55
43	Guatemala	6.15	0.11	6.36	5.94	9.12	0.81	62.90	0.86	-0.06	0.84	1.78	1.29	1.188	0.310	0.631	0.106	0.066	2.56
44	Kazakhstan	6.14	0.05	6.24	6.05	10.17	0.93	65.80	0.85	0.00	0.72	1.78	1.66	1.491	0.389	0.628	0.136	0.149	1.69
45	Serbia	6.14	0.08	6.30	5.99	9.85	0.87	67.09	0.85	0.20	0.82	1.78	1.55	1.343	0.424	0.617	0.246	0.081	1.88
46	Cyprus	6.13	0.05	6.24	6.02	10.61	0.83	72.80	0.72	-0.06	0.86	1.78	1.82	1.224	0.580	0.455	0.104	0.050	1.89
47	Japan	6.13	0.04	6.21	6.05	10.62	0.89	74.35	0.80	-0.24	0.64	1.78	1.83	1.396	0.622	0.556	0.009	0.207	1.51
48	Croatia	6.13	0.06	6.24	6.01	10.34	0.92	68.95	0.76	-0.09	0.93	1.78	1.73	1.455	0.475	0.500	0.087	0.003	1.88
49	Brazil	6.13	0.07	6.25	6.00	9.58	0.84	65.75	0.80	-0.01	0.74	1.78	1.45	1.250	0.387	0.558	0.131	0.137	2.21
50	El Salvador	6.12	0.07	6.26	5.99	9.09	0.76	65.60	0.92	-0.11	0.62	1.78	1.28	1.044	0.383	0.713	0.079	0.222	2.40
51	Hungary	6.04	0.06	6.15	5.93	10.42	0.94	67.50	0.76	-0.06	0.84	1.78	1.75	1.519	0.435	0.501	0.105	0.065	1.66
52	Argentina	6.02	0.06	6.15	5.90	9.96	0.89	67.20	0.82	-0.09	0.81	1.78	1.59	1.388	0.427	0.587	0.088	0.082	1.86
53	Honduras	6.02	0.09	6.20	5.85	8.64	0.77	64.06	0.84	0.10	0.84	1.78	1.12	1.072	0.341	0.613	0.189	0.062	2.63
54	Uzbekistan	6.01	0.06	6.13	5.90	8.95	0.88	65.30	0.94	0.23	0.64	1.78	1.23	1.347	0.375	0.740	0.260	0.208	1.86
55	Malaysia	6.01	0.08	6.17	5.86	10.17	0.80	65.66	0.88	0.16	0.76	1.78	1.67	1.155	0.385	0.659	0.222	0.122	1.80
56	Portugal	5.97	0.06	6.08	5.86	10.43	0.88	71.25	0.90	-0.20	0.88	1.78	1.76	1.356	0.537	0.693	0.031	0.037	1.56
57	South Korea	5.95	0.05	6.04	5.86	10.69	0.81	73.65	0.72	-0.05	0.70	1.78	1.85	1.188	0.603	0.446	0.112	0.163	1.59
58	Greece	5.93	0.05	6.02	5.84	10.29	0.84	71.15	0.57	-0.24	0.79	1.78	1.71	1.247	0.535	0.248	0.008	0.097	2.09
59	Mauritius	5.90	0.06	6.01	5.79	9.96	0.89	63.85	0.81	-0.03	0.78	1.78	1.59	1.382	0.336	0.574	0.121	0.110	1.79
60	Thailand	5.84	0.06	5.97	5.72	9.75	0.87	68.45	0.85	0.29	0.91	1.78	1.52	1.344	0.461	0.624	0.291	0.013	1.59
61	Mongolia	5.84	0.05	5.93	5.75	9.37	0.93	60.50	0.70	0.19	0.85	1.78	1.38	1.494	0.244	0.425	0.239	0.058	2.00
62	Kyrgyzstan	5.83	0.05	5.91	5.74	8.49	0.91	66.85	0.93	0.18	0.90	1.78	1.06	1.439	0.417	0.735	0.234	0.018	1.92
63	Moldova	5.82	0.05	5.92	5.72	9.50	0.86	65.30	0.84	-0.08	0.90	1.78	1.43	1.302	0.375	0.610	0.093	0.020	2.00
64	China	5.82	0.04	5.91	5.73	9.74	0.84	68.69	0.88	-0.04	0.73	1.78	1.51	1.249	0.468	0.666	0.115	0.145	1.67
65	Vietnam	5.76	0.05	5.87	5.66	9.29	0.82	65.50	0.94	0.00	0.76	1.78	1.35	1.212	0.381	0.741	0.134	0.122	1.82
66	Paraguay	5.74	0.06	5.85	5.63	9.51	0.91	65.90	0.89	0.02	0.84	1.78	1.43	1.427	0.392	0.678	0.148	0.062	1.60
67	Montenegro	5.72	0.11	5.94	5.50	9.81	0.89	67.10	0.81	0.06	0.84	1.78	1.54	1.385	0.424	0.563	0.170	0.061	1.58
68	Jamaica	5.70	0.09	5.88	5.53	9.17	0.87	66.60	0.82	-0.11	0.88	1.78	1.31	1.329	0.411	0.587	0.079	0.039	1.95
69	Bolivia	5.68	0.06	5.80	5.57	8.99	0.81	63.60	0.87	-0.06	0.85	1.78	1.24	1.187	0.329	0.648	0.103	0.060	2.12
70	Russia	5.66	0.04	5.73	5.59	10.21	0.89	64.95	0.72	-0.03	0.80	1.78	1.68	1.383	0.366	0.449	0.120	0.091	1.57
71	Bosnia and Herzegovina	5.63	0.07	5.78	5.49	9.62	0.88	67.28	0.75	0.21	0.92	1.78	1.47	1.361	0.429	0.485	0.247	0.008	1.64
72	Colombia	5.63	0.06	5.75	5.51	9.58	0.82	69.35	0.80	-0.10	0.83	1.78	1.46	1.213	0.486	0.562	0.080	0.068	1.77
73	Dominican Republic	5.57	0.07	5.71	5.43	9.81	0.83	64.40	0.85	-0.10	0.66	1.78	1.54	1.227	0.351	0.623	0.083	0.195	1.55
74	Ecuador	5.56	0.06	5.68	5.44	9.27	0.81	69.00	0.80	-0.11	0.83	1.78	1.34	1.173	0.476	0.560	0.079	0.069	1.86
75	Peru	5.53	0.06	5.64	5.41	9.40	0.80	69.85	0.79	-0.12	0.89	1.78	1.39	1.153	0.499	0.549	0.073	0.027	1.84
76	Philippines	5.52	0.08	5.68	5.37	8.98	0.78	62.04	0.92	-0.06	0.73	1.78	1.24	1.108	0.286	0.714	0.104	0.141	1.93
77	Bulgaria	5.47	0.06	5.58	5.35	10.09	0.92	66.50	0.80	-0.06	0.91	1.78	1.64	1.457	0.408	0.557	0.106	0.013	1.29
78	Nepal	5.36	0.08	5.51	5.21	8.26	0.75	61.85	0.81	0.15	0.78	1.78	0.98	1.027	0.281	0.567	0.215	0.104	2.19
79	Armenia	5.34	0.07	5.47	5.21	9.62	0.79	67.79	0.80	-0.16	0.71	1.78	1.47	1.134	0.443	0.551	0.053	0.160	1.53
80	Tajikistan	5.33	0.06	5.45	5.21	8.24	0.84	62.23	0.83	-0.06	0.52	1.78	0.97	1.248	0.291	0.599	0.104	0.292	1.82
81	Algeria	5.33	0.06	5.45	5.21	9.30	0.86	66.55	0.57	-0.12	0.72	1.78	1.35	1.298	0.409	0.252	0.073	0.152	1.79
82	Hong Kong S.A.R. of China	5.31	0.05	5.40	5.21	10.97	0.82	77.28	0.69	-0.03	0.39	1.78	1.95	1.201	0.702	0.407	0.123	0.390	0.54
83	Albania	5.28	0.07	5.41	5.15	9.57	0.72	69.15	0.79	-0.01	0.88	1.78	1.45	0.951	0.480	0.549	0.133	0.037	1.68
84	Indonesia	5.28	0.06	5.39	5.16	9.39	0.80	63.05	0.88	0.53	0.88	1.78	1.38	1.169	0.314	0.663	0.422	0.038	1.29
85	South Africa	5.28	0.07	5.42	5.13	9.48	0.91	56.99	0.73	-0.09	0.90	1.78	1.42	1.428	0.149	0.464	0.090	0.019	1.71
86	Congo (Brazzaville)	5.27	0.09	5.44	5.09	8.10	0.61	56.85	0.73	0.00	0.74	1.78	0.92	0.665	0.145	0.464	0.134	0.136	2.80
87	North Macedonia	5.25	0.06	5.36	5.15	9.70	0.81	66.50	0.77	0.13	0.90	1.78	1.50	1.171	0.408	0.515	0.207	0.020	1.44
88	Venezuela	5.21	0.06	5.34	5.09	5.53	0.84	64.05	0.66	0.13	0.81	1.78	0.00	1.257	0.341	0.369	0.205	0.084	2.96
89	Laos	5.11	0.08	5.27	4.95	8.96	0.68	60.95	0.92	0.09	0.70	1.78	1.23	0.853	0.257	0.715	0.185	0.162	1.71
90	Georgia	5.11	0.06	5.22	5.00	9.65	0.72	64.95	0.79	-0.25	0.65	1.78	1.48	0.947	0.366	0.539	0.000	0.201	1.58
91	Guinea	5.07	0.07	5.21	4.93	7.88	0.65	54.19	0.66	0.13	0.79	1.78	0.84	0.776	0.072	0.369	0.204	0.102	2.71
92	Ukraine	5.07	0.06	5.19	4.96	9.31	0.88	64.55	0.80	0.24	0.91	1.78	1.36	1.354	0.355	0.551	0.265	0.016	1.17
93	Ivory Coast	5.05	0.07	5.20	4.91	8.58	0.57	55.95	0.73	0.00	0.75	1.78	1.09	0.584	0.120	0.467	0.138	0.131	2.52
94	Gabon	5.04	0.07	5.18	4.89	9.54	0.75	58.25	0.64	-0.19	0.79	1.78	1.44	1.021	0.183	0.346	0.036	0.102	1.91
95	Nigeria	4.98	0.08	5.14	4.83	8.50	0.74	54.89	0.72	0.07	0.91	1.78	1.07	1.007	0.092	0.448	0.176	0.013	2.18
96	Cameroon	4.97	0.07	5.11	4.83	8.22	0.69	55.85	0.69	0.02	0.85	1.78	0.97	0.871	0.118	0.405	0.144	0.059	2.41
97	Mozambique	4.95	0.12	5.18	4.73	7.12	0.69	51.53	0.85	0.05	0.66	1.78	0.57	0.885	0.000	0.625	0.161	0.192	2.52
98	Iraq	4.94	0.08	5.10	4.78	9.10	0.72	63.42	0.65	-0.01	0.88	1.78	1.28	0.953	0.324	0.351	0.134	0.038	1.86
99	State of Palestine	4.91	0.09	5.09	4.73	8.72	0.86		0.69	-0.13	0.84	1.78	1.14	1.309		0.416	0.065	0.067
100	Morocco	4.90	0.06	5.02	4.78	8.97	0.55	63.90	0.79	-0.23	0.81	1.78	1.24	0.535	0.337	0.540	0.013	0.085	2.16
101	Iran	4.88	0.05	4.98	4.77	9.61	0.78	66.60	0.59	0.17	0.75	1.78	1.47	1.102	0.411	0.281	0.229	0.130	1.26
102	Senegal	4.86	0.07	4.98	4.73	8.16	0.63	60.00	0.77	0.01	0.85	1.78	0.94	0.727	0.231	0.519	0.142	0.060	2.23
103	Mauritania	4.72	0.15	5.01	4.44	8.59	0.64	60.48	0.62	-0.01	0.66	1.78	1.10	0.764	0.244	0.320	0.130	0.195	1.97
104	Burkina Faso	4.64	0.09	4.82	4.46	7.67	0.66	55.46	0.70	0.10	0.77	1.78	0.77	0.814	0.107	0.419	0.188	0.113	2.23
105	Namibia	4.63	0.07	4.77	4.50	9.12	0.79	56.85	0.67	-0.13	0.83	1.78	1.29	1.126	0.145	0.383	0.069	0.071	1.55
106	Turkiye	4.61	0.08	4.78	4.45	10.31	0.80	68.66	0.48	-0.08	0.80	1.78	1.71	1.148	0.467	0.125	0.095	0.096	0.97
107	Ghana	4.61	0.06	4.73	4.48	8.60	0.64	58.76	0.78	0.14	0.88	1.78	1.10	0.756	0.197	0.526	0.211	0.035	1.78
108	Pakistan	4.56	0.08	4.71	4.40	8.54	0.60	57.31	0.77	0.01	0.79	1.78	1.08	0.657	0.158	0.511	0.141	0.102	1.91
109	Niger	4.50	0.11	4.71	4.29	7.09	0.59	56.55	0.79	0.03	0.73	1.78	0.56	0.628	0.137	0.540	0.154	0.140	2.34
110	Tunisia	4.50	0.05	4.60	4.39	9.24	0.73	67.00	0.58	-0.21	0.91	1.78	1.33	0.981	0.422	0.259	0.022	0.016	1.46
111	Kenya	4.49	0.07	4.62	4.36	8.46	0.69	58.50	0.70	0.29	0.85	1.78	1.05	0.881	0.190	0.418	0.291	0.055	1.60
112	Sri Lanka	4.44	0.08	4.60	4.28	9.49	0.83	67.15	0.79	-0.03	0.81	1.78	1.42	1.224	0.426	0.539	0.120	0.086	0.63
113	Uganda	4.43	0.09	4.61	4.26	7.72	0.79	58.91	0.70	0.11	0.86	1.78	0.79	1.144	0.201	0.425	0.197	0.051	1.63
114	Chad	4.40	0.12	4.63	4.16	7.26	0.72	53.13	0.68	0.22	0.81	1.78	0.62	0.962	0.043	0.393	0.255	0.088	2.03
115	Cambodia	4.39	0.06	4.51	4.28	8.39	0.75	61.90	0.96	0.07	0.86	1.78	1.03	1.024	0.283	0.768	0.176	0.051	1.07
116	Benin	4.37	0.07	4.50	4.24	8.10	0.44	56.10	0.74	-0.04	0.58	1.78	0.92	0.242	0.124	0.481	0.114	0.253	2.24
117	Myanmar	4.37	0.08	4.53	4.21	8.40	0.79	61.39	0.73	0.49	0.66	1.78	1.03	1.125	0.269	0.460	0.400	0.194	0.89
118	Bangladesh	4.28	0.07	4.42	4.15	8.69	0.54	64.55	0.85	0.01	0.70	1.78	1.13	0.513	0.355	0.617	0.139	0.165	1.36
119	Gambia	4.28	0.11	4.48	4.08	7.65	0.58	57.90	0.60	0.36	0.88	1.78	0.76	0.614	0.174	0.286	0.332	0.033	2.08
120	Mali	4.20	0.06	4.32	4.08	7.66	0.59	55.40	0.71	-0.03	0.85	1.78	0.76	0.637	0.106	0.441	0.121	0.059	2.07
121	Egypt	4.17	0.06	4.29	4.05	9.37	0.73	63.50	0.73	-0.18	0.58	1.78	1.38	0.972	0.326	0.467	0.038	0.250	0.74
122	Togo	4.14	0.08	4.29	3.99	7.67	0.60	57.45	0.66	0.02	0.74	1.78	0.77	0.642	0.161	0.367	0.149	0.136	1.91
123	Jordan	4.12	0.06	4.24	4.00	9.13	0.73	67.60	0.77	-0.15	0.69	1.78	1.29	0.980	0.438	0.517	0.056	0.173	0.66
124	Ethiopia	4.09	0.09	4.27	3.91	7.74	0.78	60.70	0.72	0.27	0.79	1.78	0.79	1.114	0.250	0.451	0.283	0.101	1.10
125	Liberia	4.04	0.14	4.33	3.76	7.28	0.60	56.70	0.74	0.15	0.83	1.78	0.63	0.644	0.141	0.471	0.219	0.071	1.87
126	India	4.04	0.03	4.09	3.98	8.76	0.61	60.78	0.90	0.07	0.77	1.78	1.16	0.674	0.252	0.685	0.175	0.111	0.98
127	Madagascar	4.02	0.09	4.20	3.84	7.29	0.65	58.05	0.52	0.08	0.74	1.78	0.63	0.779	0.178	0.187	0.177	0.134	1.93
128	Zambia	3.98	0.09	4.17	3.80	8.07	0.69	55.03	0.79	0.10	0.82	1.78	0.91	0.890	0.095	0.545	0.189	0.080	1.27
129	Tanzania	3.69	0.08	3.84	3.55	7.86	0.65	59.40	0.84	0.18	0.55	1.78	0.84	0.787	0.214	0.607	0.234	0.269	0.75
130	Comoros	3.55	0.12	3.77	3.32	8.08	0.47	59.43	0.47	-0.01	0.73	1.78	0.91	0.327	0.215	0.117	0.129	0.145	1.70
131	Malawi	3.50	0.09	3.67	3.32	7.30	0.53	58.48	0.75	0.01	0.75	1.78	0.64	0.479	0.189	0.490	0.139	0.129	1.43
132	Botswana	3.44	0.14	3.70	3.17	9.63	0.75	54.73	0.74	-0.22	0.83	1.78	1.47	1.041	0.087	0.480	0.021	0.071	0.26
133	Congo (Kinshasa)	3.21	0.10	3.39	3.02	7.01	0.65	55.38	0.66	0.09	0.83	1.78	0.53	0.784	0.105	0.375	0.183	0.068	1.16
134	Zimbabwe	3.20	0.06	3.32	3.08	7.64	0.69	54.05	0.65	-0.05	0.77	1.78	0.76	0.881	0.069	0.363	0.112	0.117	0.91
135	Sierra Leone	3.14	0.08	3.30	2.98	7.39	0.56	54.90	0.66	0.11	0.86	1.78	0.67	0.540	0.092	0.371	0.193	0.051	1.22
136	Lebanon	2.39	0.04	2.48	2.31	9.48	0.53	66.15	0.47	-0.14	0.89	1.78	1.42	0.476	0.398	0.123	0.061	0.027	-0.11
137	Afghanistan	1.86	0.03	1.92	1.80	7.32	0.34	54.71	0.38	-0.08	0.85	1.78	0.65	0.000	0.087	0.000	0.093	0.059	0.98

Rank – Country Rank by Happiness.
Happiness Score (Life Ladder) – A survey-based measure where people rate their life satisfaction on a scale from 0 (worst) to 10 (best).
GDP per Capita (gdp) – The total economic output per person in a country, adjusted for purchasing power.
Healthy Life Expectancy (HLE) – The number of years a newborn is expected to live in good health, based on WHO data.
Social Support – The percentage of people who report having friends or relatives they can rely on in times of trouble.
Freedom to Make Life Choices – The percentage of people who feel satisfied with their freedom to make personal life decisions.
Generosity – A measure of charitable giving, adjusted for national income levels.
Corruption Perception – The average perception of corruption in government and businesses based on survey responses.
Positive Affect – The average of survey responses about positive emotions, including laughter, enjoyment, and interest in daily activities.
Negative Affect – The average of survey responses about negative emotions such as worry, sadness, and anger.
Gini Index (Income Inequality) – A measure of income inequality, with 0 being perfect equality and 1 being maximum inequality.
Institutional Trust – A composite measure of trust in government, judiciary, elections, police, and business integrity.
Coverage and Data Availability – The report includes countries with available data but not necessarily all nations surveyed in the Gallup World Poll.
Missing Data Handling – Missing values for key indicators (e.g., corruption perception, healthy life expectancy) are sometimes estimated using related data sources.
Regional Groupings – Countries are grouped into regions such as Western Europe, Latin America, and Sub-Saharan Africa for analysis.
Regression Analysis – Statistical models used to explain variations in happiness scores based on six key factors (GDP, life expectancy, social support, freedom, generosity, and corruption perception).
Imputed Values – Some missing data points are estimated using related datasets but are not used in official country rankings.

Source	https://worldhappiness.report/ed/2023/
Geo	Global
Entries	137
Columns	20
Date Sourced	2023
Last Updated	Mar 15, 2025

Insights

Use Cases

Finland ranks first for the sixth consecutive year, with a score of 7.8, sustaining its position as a benchmark for well-being. Nordic countries once again dominate the upper tier of the rankings, attributed to strong welfare systems, trust in public institutions, and balanced work–life structures. Meanwhile, countries facing persistent instability, conflict, or economic hardship populate the lower end of the index.

The report notes that the average global happiness score remained relatively stable, despite macroeconomic uncertainties and geopolitical tensions. One key finding of the 2023 edition is the resilience of happiness levels in countries with robust community support systems. The data indicates that individuals living in socially connected environments experienced less psychological distress during global crises compared to those in more fragmented societies.

Access the full report here: World Happiness Report 2023.

Top 10 Happiest Countries in 2023:

Finland – 7.80
Denmark – 7.59
Iceland – 7.53
Israel – 7.47
Netherlands – 7.40
Sweden – 7.40
Norway – 7.32
Switzerland – 7.24
Luxembourg – 7.23
New Zealand – 7.12

Bottom 10 Happiest Countries in 2023:

Afghanistan – 1.86
Lebanon – 2.39
Sierra Leone – 3.14
Zimbabwe – 3.20
Congo (Kinshasha) – 3.21
Botswana – 3.44
Malawi – 3.50
Comoros – 3.55
Tanzania – 3.69
Zambia – 3.98

Education & Research

Curriculum Development: Integrate findings into courses on sociology, psychology, and public health to discuss the impact of social connections on well-being.
Further Research: Investigate the causal relationships between communal activities and happiness levels across different cultures.

Policy Making

Community Programs: Develop initiatives that encourage communal dining and social gatherings to strengthen community bonds.
Mental Health Services: Address the rising trend of social isolation, especially among youth, by providing accessible mental health resources.

Media & Journalism

Public Awareness: Highlight stories that showcase acts of kindness and community support to foster a more optimistic societal outlook.
Data Visualisation: Create infographics and interactive content to present the report's findings in an engaging manner.

General Public

Community Engagement: Participate in local events, volunteer opportunities, and communal meals to enhance personal well-being.
Foster Trust: Recognise and appreciate acts of kindness in daily life, contributing to a more trusting and connected community.

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